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HATRI NEWS
SUNFLOWER PLANT SCIENCE SEMINAR (Helianthus annuus L.)
AT HIGH AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSITUTE FOR MEKONG DELTA VIETNAM (HATRI)
Development (Helianthus annuus L.) for drought in the Mekong Delta
On thursday morning 23 April, 2020 at High Agricultural Technology Research Institute for Mekong delta (HATRI), Vietnam, has a scientific seminar on the ability to develop sunflower seed for the drought in Cai rang, Can Tho city for the young scientific. Drought tolerance traits are complex, controlled by multiple genes, thus posing a challenge to fully revealing genetic control of functional physiological traits for drought tolerance across variable environments. HATRI research Sunflower species grow in diverse range of habitats i.e. plains, deserts and salt marshes. As a result of their adaptation to diverse ecological condition, the Sunflower could be regarded as sanctuaries of new alleles to achieve diverse breeding goals provide for diversity crop plant at Mekong delta.
Figure 1. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Thi Lang is a guide for Young staff the flower of sunflower period (photo by Bien Anh Khoa)
Figure 2. Tolerance of subflowere at field (Photo by Lang Nguyen)
Sunflower belongs to the genus Helianthus which is indigenous to North Africa. There are about 52 species and 19 subspecies belonging to the genus Helianthus which are widely distributed in Central Mexico, The United States of America and southern Canada. These species had annual and perennial growth habit. The somatic chromosome number of diploid species is 2n=2x=34 (Tahara 1915). However, ploidy levels such as tetraploid (2n=4x=68) and hexaploid (2n=6x=102) have also been observed among various species of Helianthus. Among these species all annual are diploid while polyploidy species are perennials. However, annual diploid species also exist within genus. Some species occurs in dual ploidy levels such as Helianthus ciliaris has both t and hexaploid where as Helianthus decapetalus have diploid and tetraploid forms.
This objective of HATRI research The domesticated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L., is a global oil crop that has promise for climate change adaptation, because it can maintain stable yields across a wide variety of environmental conditions, including drought.
Figure 3. The workshop at field Cai Rang, Can Tho (photo by Bui Chi Buu)
The sunflower has many reactions through morphology, physiological, and biochemistry that are changed in the process of drought-resistant very well. The mechanism of the appropriate resistance in dry conditions and water shortages for the Mekong DELTA. The drought-resistant characteristics are complex, controlled by multiple genes, thereby setting a challenge to completely control the genetic functional physiological characteristics for drought tolerance on the variable environment such as the current Mekong DELTA. Currently, HATRI Institute is experimenting with drought-resistant sunflower to transform crop structures to crop water shortage conditions.
Sunflower species grow in many habitats such as plains, deserts and salt marshes. The adapt of sunflower plants to diverse ecological conditions, new varieties can be considered the preservation of the new allele to achieve the new crop breeding targets of the HATRI Institute. The potential use of species can be exploited for diverse breeding, drought resistance, heat temperatures and saline resistance. Moreover, these species can also be exploited for raising fatty acids and other industrial products in the future.
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Figure 4. Measure the leaf area of the sunflower by the young scientist of HATRI (photo by Lang Nguyen)
